Month: January 2017
Vitamin C May Kill Mesothelioma Cancer Cells
Research has shown that the antioxidant effects of vitamin E could protect healthy cells from the damaging effects of free radicals helping to keep cancer at bay. Vitamin C has also been studied for its impact on cancer with research showing the vitamin can limit cancer cell growth in mesothelioma, colon cancer, and prostate cancers, among others. Now, researchers report that high-dose, intravenous delivery of Vitamin C in lung cancer patients could kill the cancer cells.
According to a Jan. 9 article in the Science Daily, researchers from the University of Iowa believe that many attempts at using Vitamin C in cancer care have failed because delivery has been oral. However, in their study, high doses of Vitamin C were given intravenously. This method of delivery, as opposed to oral delivery, results in very high blood levels of vitamin C – 100-500 times higher – by bypassing normal ingestion and excretion processes. According to the researchers, “It is this super-high concentration in the blood that is crucial to vitamin C’s ability to attack cancer cells.” At this high level, cancer cells are killed, but the other cells are left intact.
The researchers used a mouse study to understand the underlying biological processes of the high-dosage vitamin C and cancer.
The team found that when vitamin C breaks down it generates hydrogen peroxide that can lead to tissue and DNA damage. Normal cells can process, or remove, the peroxide, but cancerous cells cannot making the cancer cells more prone to death when they are hit with high doses of vitamin C. The researchers determined that the healthy cells used an enzyme called catalase to decompose the vitamin and remove the hydrogen peroxide keeping the cells healthy and undamaged. Not so for the cancerous cells, they had lower amounts of catalase, thus, making them more susceptible to death with high amounts of vitamin C.
“Our results suggest that cancers with low levels of catalase are likely to be the most responsive to high-dose vitamin C therapy, whereas cancers with relatively high levels of catalase may be the least responsive,” said Garry Buettner, a professor of radiation oncology and a member of Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Iowa.
A future goal of the research is to develop methods to measure catalase levels in tumors, said Buettner.
Pleural mesothelioma is a serious and rare cancer affecting the lining of the lungs in individuals who were exposed to asbestos fibers in the past. Like lung cancer, mesothelioma is highly aggressive and is resistant to many standard cancer treatments, making breakthroughs of effective treatments critical to the mesothelioma community. Currently there is no known cure for mesothelioma, and the average survival time varies from 4 – 18 months after diagnosis.
The treatments for lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma are very similar bringing hope to the mesothelioma community when success is seen in studies in the lung cancer community. Continued research for bringing improved treatment options to mesothelioma patients can increase survival and improve their quality of life.
Read the full study in the Dec. 2016 issue of Redox Biology.
Mesothelioma Treatment Centers Offer Best Care Options
What do you do once you are diagnosed with mesothelioma? Some people prefer to stay close to their homes and receive treatment in familiar surroundings. The choice is individual, but we strongly encourage patients and families to go to a mesothelioma treatment center to receive cutting-edge treatment.
What do you get at a mesothelioma center? There are resources available that you will not get at your local facility. The first thing is a wide variety of dedicated professionals who focus on mesothelioma. A patient is often supported by a medical team of oncologists, surgeons, pulmonologists, radiation therapists, and researchers. Having all these experts under one roof allows for collaboration and experience to best serve the mesothelioma patient and family.
Another benefit of a mesothelioma center is that they offer support services. This can include access to social workers, chaplains, palliative care specialists, alternative medicine and resources for accommodations. These professionals often offer support groups where you can meet with other patients or caregivers who are going through the same thing as you. Although each journey is unique, it is comforting to know you are not alone.
Traveling to a mesothelioma center can be inconvenient, but many centers have relationships with local hotels, hospitality homes, and rentals. There are resources available.
This past week, I spoke to a patient who had driven 1,000 miles- he does not like to fly- to receive treatment for mesothelioma. He told us he had researched and talked to other patients and decided to make the journey. What lies ahead for him no one knows, but he and his family know they have sought out the options that are right for them.
One of the most important advantages that you gain from a specialty treatment center is hope. Mesothelioma is a challenging disease, but there are options. Mesothelioma patients can return to their everyday lives.
Do what you feel is right for you, but know that there are other mesothelioma treatment care options available.
Nurse Offers Patients and Their Families a Happy New Year
No matter what religion you practice or which holidays you celebrate, this is a tough time of year to be a patient in the hospital. For the many years that I have been a nurse, and the number of holidays that I have worked, I have learned that most patients do not want to be there. There is usually a push to get as many patients out of the hospital as possible before the holidays, of course ensuring they are ready for discharge. But for the many who are not ready, they must remain hospitalized during the holiday season.
Knowing this and knowing that many nurses start talking about working the holidays and trading shifts in July, working the holidays is a subject that many staff find difficult. The holidays are difficult for everyone, the patients who are sick and the staff who are working, and the families who are trying to be supportive of their loved ones.
When I look back on the holidays that I have worked, I find now that I had many experiences that did not seem so positive at the time, but are now uplifting and memorable. The most overriding feeling is one of companionship, the concept that we are all in this together – patients, staff, families – all working toward the goal of helping the patient to get better or to help alleviate their suffering. Doing something to help another human being, at a time when they are most vulnerable, is really an opportunity that as a nurse we are privileged to be able to offer.
Once the diagnosis of mesothelioma is made, the holidays and all they represent take on a new dimension. Spending time with your loved ones becomes so much more important than spending money on material things. As we remember our past holidays we savor the opportunity to make memories that last long after any presents are exchanged.
As we enter a new year, we are once again reminded that tomorrow is promised to no one. Enjoy your family and savor every moment of your life.
Wishing you and yours a happy and healthy new year!
Protein Overexpression Points to Pleural Mesothelioma
Proteins are essential for normal cell structure and function and can support critical biological processes such as enzymes for metabolism and antibodies for immune defense. However, when a protein becomes over-expressed it can lead to illness and disease. Now, researchers report that high levels of the protein FGF18 can point to pleural mesothelioma.
Researchers from the Medical University of Vienna, Austria, joined by scientists from Switzerland and Australia, reported at the 17th Annual World Conference on Lung Cancer in Austria in Dec. that the Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 (FGF18) pointed to malignant pleural mesothelioma when overexpressed and could be used as both a diagnostic and prognostic marker.
The researchers measured levels of FGF18 in 107 patients with pleural mesothelioma and 49 healthy volunteers. They found that the plasma levels of FGF18 was “significantly elevated” in the mesothelioma patients. In addition, they found that the mesothelioma patients with FGF18 levels below the median had “significantly longer overall survival” than those patients with high FGF18 levels.
“The identification of novel biomarkers is urgently needed in order to identify patients with a better prognosis and to support personalized therapeutic decisions,” noted the authors. “In our previously published study, we were able to show that fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) is overexpressed in MPM [malignant pleural mesothelioma] tissue specimens and cell models.”
FGF18, according to the GeneCards website, plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation. The protein is in a variety of biological processes including embryonic development, cell growth, and tumor growth and invasion.
Pleural mesothelioma is a cancer that develops decades after exposure to the mineral asbestos. The microscopic fibers are inhaled and become embedded in the lining of the lungs where they eventually become inflamed and can lead to cancer. Nearly 3,000 Americans are diagnosed with the terminal cancer each year.
Continued research into finding the biomarkers that can lead to mesothelioma and effective treatments for those biomarkers is critical to increase survival for patients. The prognosis for mesothelioma patients is often less than 18 months.
To find out more about this study see the January 2017 issue of the Journal of Thoracic Oncology.
Sources:
- 17th Annual World Conference on Lung Cancer in Austria
http://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/iaslc-2016/malignant-pleural-mesothelioma-new-biomarker-identified/article/576850/ - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
http://journals.lww.com/jto/Pages/default.aspx?PAPNotFound=true - GeneCards website
http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=FGF18
Dr. Friedberg Finds New Home in Maryland, His Groundbreaking Mesothelioma Research Follows Him
In June 2012, Dr. Joseph Friedberg, then co-director of the Penn Mesothelioma and Pleural Program, reported in the Annals of Thoracic Surgery that he and his medical team achieved an “unusually long survival” in mesothelioma patients undergoing surgery and photodynamic therapy (PDT).
Now, over four years later, Dr. Friedberg is heading up the University of Maryland Medical Center’s Mesothelioma and Thoracic Oncology Treatment and Research Center and has seen continued success with the lung-sparing radical pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) surgery, a complicated surgery that involves stripping away the diseased membrane lining the lung but keeps the lung intact.
“This [mesothelioma] is among the most virulent cancers known to man, and we have a long way to go, but it’s encouraging to have achieved results we can report in years not months even for these patients with such advanced disease,” said Dr. Friedberg said in a Dec. 14 press release.
In a study of 73 patients Dr. Friedberg operated on at Penn Medicine, who then received a therapy using a photosensitizing agent and light to kill microscopic cancer cells followed by chemotherapy (92% of patients), overall median survival was just one month shy of three years. Astonishingly, 19 of the patients saw that figure rise to 7.3 years. The team also reported that overall survival was three times higher than disease-free survival, the length of time until the cancer recurs.
“When you take the [entire] lung out, it’s a significant compromise in quality of life,” said Dr. Friedberg. “Although, from a technical perspective, it is more challenging to save the lung than to sacrifice it, it does appear that this technique helps to not only extend life but to also preserve quality of life.”
Pleural mesothelioma arises from asbestos fibers becoming lodged in the thin membrane encasing the lungs. Patients often are exposed to asbestos while working as plumbers, pipefitters, insulators, electricians, mechanics and certain other occupations. Mesothelioma symptoms, such as coughing and difficulty with breathing, tend to develop decades after the initial asbestos exposure. There is no cure for the cancer that affects nearly 3,000 Americans each year.
Expert Insight
“Under Dr. Friedberg’s leadership, our new Mesothelioma and Thoracic Oncology Treatment and Research Center is fast becoming a major center for important scientific discovery as well as highly specialized, multidisciplinary care for patients with mesothelioma and other thoracic cancers.”
Oncology surgeons must choose between P/D or extrapleural pneumonectomy when deciding to operate on pleural mesothelioma patients. The former spares the lung, whereas the latter is a radical procedure that involves removing the patients diseased lung as well as the possible removal of the diaphragm, the pericardium and other extrapleural tissue.
These patient results are encouraging and they give hope to mesothelioma patients and their families. The mesothelioma community hopes for continued success and for more developments involving this treatment method.
MesotheliomaHelp encourages those diagnosed with mesothelioma to research all possible treatment options and to seek out mesothelioma specialists such as Dr. Friedberg.
The full study can be found in the Jan. issue of Annals of Thoracic Surgery.
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